Universal and deterministic manipulation of the quantum state of harmonic oscillators: a route to unitary gates for Fock State qubits

We present a simple quantum circuit that allows for the universal and deterministic manipulation of the quantum state of confined harmonic oscillators. The scheme is based on the selective interactions of the referred oscillator with an auxiliary three-level system and a classical external driving source, and enables any unitary operations on Fock states, two-by-two. One circuit is equivalent to a single qubit unitary logical gate on Fock states qubits. Sequences of similar protocols allow for complete, deterministic and state-independent manipulation of the harmonic oscillator quantum state.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Education and Experience in Nursing Professional Values Development

The nursing code of ethics (American Nurses Association [ANA], 2015) defines professional values for the nurse, but educational differences experienced by nursing students as well as varied work experiences after licensure may affect development of those values. The purpose of this study was to measure the professional values of practicing registered nurses (RNs) in the state of Washington (WA) using the Nurses Professional Values Scale-Revised (NPVS-R; Weis & Schank, 2009), and to determine if their values were significantly related to variables of education and experience. Independent variables in this study were type of pre-licensure nursing program, pre-licensure ethics curriculum method, hours of post-licensure ethics education, and years of RN work experience. Rest’s (1994) Four Component Model theory of professional moral development provided a foundation for this study of professional nursing values. The author used a causal comparative research design to examine relationships between variables of interest, and invited RNs with active licenses and email addresses on file with the state to participate in an online survey. Findings suggested professional values of nurses in WA were similar to those reported in other studies. The author found no statistically significant relationship between type of pre-licensure nursing program and strength of professional values (ղ2 = .003), and identified no significant difference between nurses who had a standalone nursing ethics course during pre-licensure curricula and those who experienced curricula with integrated nursing ethics (Cohen’s d = .03). Professional values did vary significantly based on years of nursing experience (ղ2 = .01), and there was a significant, modest, positive relationship between professional values and amount of time spent by the nurse in post-licensure ethics education (r2 = .02). Findings in this study suggest that providing education and support to practicing nurses for development of strong professional values may have positive enduring consequences and curriculum factors prior to gaining the initial nursing license may be of lesser importance. This study may have application for health care leaders and educators to promote support for ongoing workplace investment in ethics education for practicing nurses. Keywords: registered nurse, ethics education, professional values, NPVS-R, curriculum, work experience, degre

Eastern Atlantic Tonguefishes (Symphurus: Cynoglossidae, Pleuronectiformes), with Descriptions of Two New Species

Six species of symphurine tonguefishes, including two previously undescribed, from the Mediterranean Sea and eastern Atlantic Ocean (including the Azores, Madeira, Ascension, and St. Helena) are described and illustrated

CHANGES IN FLORISTIC COMPOSITION IN THE STATE FORESTS IN WORCESTER COUNTY (MASSACHUSETTS) OVER 34 YEARS

ABSTRACT CHANGES IN FOREST DIVERSITY OF STATE FOREST IN WORCESTER COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS, OVER 34 YEARS PERIOD The forest in Massachusetts has changed since the earliest colonial settlement and today the floristic composition is more homogeneous. This study investigates the potential change in the floristic composition over thirty years in Worcester County State Forests. Shannon, richness and evenness indices for two periods were compared, and Jaccard index was used to analyze similarity in composition between the periods. The possible influence of severe weather events was also analyzed. It was found Changes in the floristic composition, but the magnitude of the changes were not statistically significant. The Jaccard similarity index showed statistically significant differences between north and south. There was also, significant differences between plots that experienced insects’ attack or snow/ice damage compared to plots with no pest/ice damage. The implications of the research findings indicate that diversity of the State Forest did not present statistically significant change. Petersham presented the highest diversity, while the lower value was for North Brookfield. The similarity of the forest did not change through the time, but there is significant difference between the north and the south[fa1] . [fa1

Coherent Imaging Spectroscopy of a Quantum Many-Body Spin System

Quantum simulators, in which well controlled quantum systems are used to reproduce the dynamics of less understood ones, have the potential to explore physics that is inaccessible to modeling with classical computers. However, checking the results of such simulations will also become classically intractable as system sizes increase. In this work, we introduce and implement a coherent imaging spectroscopic technique to validate a quantum simulation, much as magnetic resonance imaging exposes structure in condensed matter. We use this method to determine the energy levels and interaction strengths of a fully-connected quantum many-body system. Additionally, we directly measure the size of the critical energy gap near a quantum phase transition. We expect this general technique to become an important verification tool for quantum simulators once experiments advance beyond proof-of-principle demonstrations and exceed the resources of conventional computers